FAQs
Find answers to your COVID-19 testing questions
The Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security COVID-19 Testing Toolkit FAQ provides answers to the most frequently asked questions about COVID-19 testing. The answers include specific information among a wide range of topics and situations, such as differences in tips for vaccinated or unvaccinated persons, or for unique challenges in testing children. The questions and answers are regularly updated to reflect new information, federal guidance, and topics of interest.
Find answers to your COVID-19 testing questions
Children Gathering/Events General Testing Questions I recently tested positive I was recently exposed Schools Travel Work
Is it safe to visit high-risk family/friends if I tested negative recently?
Some people, including the elderly, immunocompromised, or those with another condition, are at a higher risk of being hospitalized or experiencing severe illness if they get COVID-19. Therefore, it is best to take extra precautions when planning to visit. Ideally, everyone who is planning to visit high-risk family/friends should take a test 24 hours before visiting and limit any more possible exposures after the test is taken. If you test negative one day but then get exposed to COVID-19 in the following days before your visit, you will need to be retested. In between your negative test result and your visit, be sure to practice other precautions such as wearing a mask and physical distancing.
My family member tested positive, but I was negative. Do I need to keep testing and if so at what intervals?
For those taking at-home tests after being exposed to COVID-19, the FDA now recommends testing multiple times over the course of a few days to ensure that the initial negative test result is accurate. After taking your first at-home test and receiving a negative result, wait for 48 hours and then test again. If it is negative again, then wait another 48 hours to test one final time. If at any point you have COVID-19 symptoms but are still receiving negative antigen test results, you may want to get a PCR-based test from a healthcare provider to make sure of your negative result.
Vaccine Status
Vaccinated
If your family member tested positive and you are up to date on your vaccinations, then you can monitor yourself for symptoms and test yourself in 5 days. There is no need to quarantine with your positive family member during those 5 days if you are vaccinated, but you should still take the precautions of wearing masks in the home and being in separate living spaces to prevent the spread of COVID-19. You will want to get tested 5 days after your most recent exposure to your family member. If their symptoms last for a prolonged period of time (greater than 10 days), you may want to test yourself every 3-5 days. Several factors may influence your decision to test more frequently, such as whether you need to work in-person, whether you visit high-risk or immunocompromised people, or if you need to send children into school. Once your family member is fever-free for 5 days (without fever-reducing medication) and their symptoms are improving, you will not need to test yourself as frequently.
Unvaccinated
If you are not vaccinated or not up to date on your vaccinations, then you will need to quarantine due to your exposure to your positive family member for at least 5 days. You will want to get tested 5 days after your most recent exposure to your family member. If their symptoms last for a prolonged period of time (greater than 10 days), you may want to test yourself every 3-5 days. Several factors may influence your decision to test more frequently, such as whether you need to work in-person, whether you visit high-risk or immunocompromised people, or if you need to send children into school. Once your family member is fever-free for 5 days (without fever-reducing medication) and their symptoms are improving, you will not need to test yourself as frequently.
What is the best kind of test to take before visiting high-risk family/friends?
Some people, including the elderly, immunocompromised, or those with another condition, are at a higher risk of being hospitalized or experiencing severe illness if they get COVID-19. Therefore, it is best to take extra precautions when planning to visit. Ideally, everyone who is planning to visit high-risk family/friends should take a test 24 hours before visiting and limit any more possible exposures after the test is taken. If you test negative one day but then get exposed to COVID-19 in the following days before your visit, you will need to be retested. In between your negative test result and your visit, be sure to practice other precautions such as wearing a mask and physical distancing. PCR, or molecular, tests generally provide more accurate results than rapid antigen tests, or at-home tests, but because PCR tests are usually processed in a laboratory, you will need to account for longer times to process your results.
Which kind of test should I get?
There are many different kinds of COVID-19 tests and it can be difficult to decide which kind is best for your situation. Rapid antigen tests can return results within 30 minutes, some of which are authorized for at-home use. PCR tests can detect very low levels of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and are often preferred for situations where testing negative is extremely important (i.e., for travel, before multi-day festivals, to live in dormitory housing, etc.). These and other tests can all answer the question of “do I have COVID-19 right now?”; for day-to-day testing, you can choose the most accessible and affordable test option. Antibody tests can tell you whether you were previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 but cannot tell you whether you are infected right now. Learn more about all the different COVID-19 tests here: https://covid19testingtoolkit.centerforhealthsecurity.org/basics/types-of-covid-19-tests
Do you need to show official test results?
Yes, I need to show official test results
If you need to provide verified test results, it is best to get tested by a professional at any location where COVID-19 tests are offered. You can find a testing site near you using this HHS resource: https://www.hhs.gov/coronavirus/community-based-testing-sites/index.html. Whether you sign up for a rapid antigen test, a PCR test, or a different kind of test, the laboratory professionals will be able to provide you with official documentation. A photograph of a rapid antigen test taken by yourself without supervision likely will not be accepted if official results are required. However, some at-home test kits allow you to make a supervised telemedicine appointment so that a laboratory or medical professional can observe you performing the test, review your results, and provide you with official documentation.
How old is the person who needs a test?
Under 5 years old or requires testing assistance
A viral test can detect whether a person is infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. There are 2 types of viral tests that use body fluid samples from your nose or mouth: rapid antigen tests (at-home tests) and laboratory molecular tests (PCR tests). If you plan to travel internationally, it is best to check with the countries you will be traveling through and your destination to determine what type of test is required and when you need to test. Check with your pediatrician about which tests are recommended for children under age 2.
Over 5 years old or can independently test
A viral test can detect whether a person is infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. There are 2 types of viral tests that use body fluid samples from your nose or mouth: rapid antigen tests (at-home tests) and laboratory molecular tests (PCR tests). Most tests are authorized for use on anyone aged 2 years and older. If you plan to travel internationally, it is best to check with the countries you will be traveling through and your destination to determine what type of test is required and when you need to test. Check with your healthcare provider about which tests are recommended for persons who require assistance with performing self-testing.
How long do I need to isolate after testing positive?
Regardless of vaccination status, the CDC recommends that all persons testing positive for COVID-19 isolate (the period away from others after testing positive) for at least 5 days. That number may change depending on whether you develop symptoms. See below to help calculate your isolation period. Positive family members or individuals living in shared spaces should isolate away from negative housemates to prevent COVID-19 from spreading in the household. Extra precautions should be taken through day 10 after your positive test result, such as wearing a mask inside your home and in public, avoiding gathering with people who are high risk, and avoiding travel.
Are you currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19?
Yes, I am currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
If you are currently experiencing symptoms, you may end isolation once you have gone 5 full days without a fever (without fever-reducing medication) and your symptoms are improving. Count your first fever-free day as Day 0 and complete your isolation through the end of Day 5. If your symptoms reappear during this time, continue to isolate until you can repeat this process.
No, I am not currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
If you are not currently experiencing symptoms or if you have not had a fever for 5 full days (without fever-reducing medication), you may end isolation after 5 days. To calculate these days, count Day 0 as the day your test was performed and continue your isolation through Day 5. If your symptoms reappear during this time, continue to isolate until you can repeat this process.
How often should I test?
Testing is an important tool to help end the COVID-19 pandemic. Regular testing helps you know whether or not you have COVID-19 so you can take actions to prevent its spread. There are no rules for how regularly you should test if you are feeling well and are vaccinated against COVID-19, but people who are unvaccinated or not up to date on their vaccinations may want to test on a regular basis to make sure that they have not contracted COVID-19 during their normal activities. Your preferred testing schedule may depend on how often you are in public settings, how closely you interact with other people, and your access to testing resources. Regardless of vaccination status, anyone who feels ill or is showing symptoms of COVID-19 should get tested so they can make informed decisions about their health and the health of their families.
For those taking at-home tests after being exposed to COVID-19, the FDA now recommends testing multiple times over the course of a few days to ensure that the initial negative test result is accurate. After taking your first at-home test and receiving a negative result, wait for 48 hours and then test again. If it is negative again, then wait another 48 hours to test one final time. If at any point you have COVID-19 symptoms but are still receiving negative antigen test results, you may want to get a PCR-based test from a healthcare provider to make sure of your negative result.
Are there any risks to testing myself/family/etc. regularly?
There are no physical risks to testing regularly. Always follow the directions and make sure to take care when swabbing sensitive nasal or throat passages. Regular testing is important to keep track of your personal health but also helps prevent spread to vulnerable individuals around you.
How do I know that my negative test result is accurate?
Every test has some room for error, known as “false negatives” or “false positives.” Tests that are granted Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by the FDA must have a certain level of accuracy. There is also the possibility for user error. One way to be more sure about your negative test result is to take a second test at the same time or shortly after your first. Most tests are authorized for use on anyone aged 2 years and older. Check with your pediatrician or healthcare provider about which tests are recommended for children under age 2 or for persons who require assistance with performing self-testing.
Learn more about diagnostic test accuracy.
Should I test before gathering with other households?
Are you currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19?
Yes, I am currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
Testing yourself or your family before gathering with other households is a good way to reduce the risk of spreading COVID-19. Testing should be strongly considered if high-risk family/friends will be involved in the gathering, as they have a higher risk of becoming hospitalized or having severe outcomes if they get COVID-19. Ideally, everyone who is planning to gather should take a test 24 hours before visiting and limit any more possible exposures after the test is taken. If you test negative one day but then get exposed to COVID-19 in the following days before your visit, you will need to be retested. In between your negative test result and your visit, be sure to practice other precautions such as wearing a mask and physical distancing.
Can I test out of quarantine?
It is not recommended to test out of quarantine (the period away from others after being exposed to COVID-19). In fact, quarantine is no longer recommended for those who are up to date on their vaccinations. See more information below.
Vaccine Status
Vaccinated
The CDC currently does not recommend quarantine for people who are up to date on their vaccines and were possibly exposed to COVID-19. If you want to get tested, wait at least 5 days after your exposure, continue to watch for symptoms, and take precautions until 10 days after exposure.
Unvaccinated
The CDC recommends that people who are not up to date on their COVID-19 vaccines, including young children not yet eligible, should quarantine for at least 5 days after their most recent contact with someone who tested positive for COVID-19. You can test at the end of day 5, but you should still monitor yourself for symptoms and take precautions until 10 days after exposure. You only need to remain in quarantine for 5 days after exposure if you do not have any symptoms of COVID-19.
What kinds of COVID-19 tests are available to buy?
The general public can buy a few different kinds of tests. Some tests can be performed at home while others require you to collect your own swab or saliva samples and send them off to a laboratory for results. Some key words or phrases that help you identify tests that give you results within minutes include “antigen self-test” or “home test.” Key phrases such as “home collection” or “self-collect” usually indicate that your sample needs to be sent to a laboratory, although the shipping costs for the samples are usually included when purchasing the kit. Note that some tests are not recommended for children under certain ages or require adult supervision/assistance to help ensure results are accurate. Depending on how quickly you need results and whether you need those results to be verified/certified by an outside party, there are many different tests you could choose. We track all tests available for use under FDA Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) here: https://covid19testingtoolkit.centerforhealthsecurity.org/testing-trackers/antigen-and-molecular-tests-for-covid-19#Current-Molecular-Tests
If I have been exposed to someone with COVID-19, should I get a test?
Timing of exposure
5 days or less
If you were exposed less than 5 days ago, then it is recommended to wait to test until 4-5 days after exposure. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself or your child for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
More than 5 days ago
If you were exposed at least 5 days ago, then you can test for COVID-19. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself or your child for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
Can I test out of isolation?
It is not recommended to test out of isolation (the period away from others after testing positive). It is safer to stay in isolation for 5 full symptom-free days (see more information below). Additionally, it is possible to continue testing positive on PCR tests for COVID-19 even weeks after you have recovered from illness and are no longer infectious.
Are you currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19?
Yes, I am currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
If you are currently experiencing symptoms, you should remain in isolation until 5 full days have passed since your last day of symptoms. If you experienced severe symptoms from COVID-19, you should isolate for at least 10 days after your symptoms go away and consult with your doctor before ending isolation.
No, I am not currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
If you are not currently experiencing symptoms and you tested positive more than 5 days ago, you may end your isolation after 5 days but should continue to wear a mask and physically distance for at least 10 days after your positive test. If you should start to feel symptoms, you should restart your isolation period and then end isolation 5 days after your symptoms go away.
How do I know that my positive test is accurate?
Every test has some room for error, known as “false negatives” or “false positives.” Tests that are granted Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by the FDA must have a certain level of accuracy. There is also the possibility for user error. One way to be more sure about your positive test result is to take a second test at the same time or shortly after your first. However, because of how the tests are designed and how accurately they can detect SARS-CoV-2, a single positive test result is considered enough evidence to diagnose COVID-19. Most tests are authorized for use on anyone aged 2 years and older. Check with your pediatrician or healthcare provider about which tests are recommended for children under age 2 or for persons who require assistance with performing self-testing.
Learn more about diagnostic test accuracy.
When should I get a test?
Timing of exposure
5 days or less
If you were exposed less than 5 days ago, then it is recommended to wait to test until 4-5 days after exposure. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
More than 5 days ago
If you were exposed at least 5 days ago, then you can test for COVID-19. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
Do you need to show official test results?
Yes, I need to show official test results
If you need to provide verified test results, it is best to get tested by a professional at any location where COVID-19 tests are offered. You can find a testing site near you using this HHS resource: https://www.hhs.gov/coronavirus/community-based-testing-sites/index.html. Whether you sign up for a rapid antigen test, a PCR test, or a different kind of test, the laboratory professionals will be able to provide you with official documentation. A photograph of a rapid antigen test taken by yourself without supervision likely will not be accepted if official results are required. However, some at-home test kits allow you to make a supervised telemedicine appointment so that a laboratory or medical professional can observe you performing the test, review your results, and provide you with official documentation.
Where can I get tested?
You can find a testing site near you by using this HHS resource: https://www.hhs.gov/coronavirus/community-based-testing-sites/index.html. Some tests are not recommended for children under a certain age, so be sure to check what tests are available or consult your pediatrician.
How should I store tests at home?
Tests should be stored at room temperature in a dry place. Places like bathrooms could become too humid, and unconditioned basements or garages could have unpredictable temperatures.
I got my test in the mail, but it came damaged – can I still use it?
Depending on the type of damage, some tests could still be used. Check the manufacturer’s instructions inside of the box or online to see their recommendations for tests that are frozen, overheated, torn, etc.
How are tests approved by the FDA?
All tests seeking FDA approval go through a rigorous review process to make sure that they are safe and accurate. FDA approval is not the same as an FDA Emergency Use Authorization (EUA), which is a special status that is granted to qualifying tests during a public health emergency at the FDA’s discretion. Learn more about the approval process.
Even if testing isn’t required, what activities should I test myself before or after?
Testing before large events, overnight events, or before visiting vulnerable people is a safe and effective way to prevent the spread of COVID-19 during these activities. It may also be a good idea to test yourself after returning from a large or overnight event where you were in close contact with large numbers of people. This practice is especially helpful if you will resume normal activities, such as going to work, school, or visiting family, upon returning from the event so that you can be more sure that you will not infect others.
If I have been exposed to someone with COVID-19, should I get a test?
Timing of exposure
5 days or less
If you were exposed less than 5 days ago, then the CDC recommends to wait to test on day 5 after exposure. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
More than 5 days ago
If you were exposed at least 5 days ago, then you can test for COVID-19. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
Is it safe to visit high-risk family/friends if I tested negative recently?
Some people, including the elderly, immunocompromised, or those with another condition, are at a higher risk of being hospitalized or experiencing severe illness if they get COVID-19. Therefore, it is best to take extra precautions when planning to visit. Ideally, everyone who is planning to visit high-risk family/friends should take a test 24 hours before visiting and limit any more possible exposures after the test is taken. If you test negative one day but then get exposed to COVID-19 in the following days before your visit, you will need to be retested. In between your negative test result and your visit, be sure to practice other precautions such as wearing a mask and physical distancing.
My family member tested positive, but I was negative. Do I need to keep testing and if so at what intervals?
For those taking at-home tests after being exposed to COVID-19, the FDA now recommends testing multiple times over the course of a few days to ensure that the initial negative test result is accurate. After taking your first at-home test and receiving a negative result, wait for 48 hours and then test again. If it is negative again, then wait another 48 hours to test one final time. If at any point you have COVID-19 symptoms but are still receiving negative antigen test results, you may want to get a PCR-based test from a healthcare provider to make sure of your negative result.
Vaccine Status
Vaccinated
If your family member tested positive and you are up to date on your vaccinations, then you can monitor yourself for symptoms and test yourself in 5 days. There is no need to quarantine with your positive family member during those 5 days if you are vaccinated, but you should still take the precautions of wearing masks in the home and being in separate living spaces to prevent the spread of COVID-19. You will want to get tested 5 days after your most recent exposure to your family member. If their symptoms last for a prolonged period of time (greater than 10 days), you may want to test yourself every 3-5 days. Several factors may influence your decision to test more frequently, such as whether you need to work in-person, whether you visit high-risk or immunocompromised people, or if you need to send children into school. Once your family member is fever-free for 5 days (without fever-reducing medication) and their symptoms are improving, you will not need to test yourself as frequently.
Unvaccinated
If you are not vaccinated or not up to date on your vaccinations, then you will need to quarantine due to your exposure to your positive family member for at least 5 days. You will want to get tested 5 days after your most recent exposure to your family member. If their symptoms last for a prolonged period of time (greater than 10 days), you may want to test yourself every 3-5 days. Several factors may influence your decision to test more frequently, such as whether you need to work in-person, whether you visit high-risk or immunocompromised people, or if you need to send children into school. Once your family member is fever-free for 5 days (without fever-reducing medication) and their symptoms are improving, you will not need to test yourself as frequently.
What is the best kind of test to take before visiting high-risk family/friends?
Some people, including the elderly, immunocompromised, or those with another condition, are at a higher risk of being hospitalized or experiencing severe illness if they get COVID-19. Therefore, it is best to take extra precautions when planning to visit. Ideally, everyone who is planning to visit high-risk family/friends should take a test 24 hours before visiting and limit any more possible exposures after the test is taken. If you test negative one day but then get exposed to COVID-19 in the following days before your visit, you will need to be retested. In between your negative test result and your visit, be sure to practice other precautions such as wearing a mask and physical distancing. PCR, or molecular, tests generally provide more accurate results than rapid antigen tests, or at-home tests, but because PCR tests are usually processed in a laboratory, you will need to account for longer times to process your results.
Which kind of test should I get?
There are many different kinds of COVID-19 tests and it can be difficult to decide which kind is best for your situation. Rapid antigen tests can return results within 30 minutes, some of which are authorized for at-home use. PCR tests can detect very low levels of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and are often preferred for situations where testing negative is extremely important (i.e., for travel, before multi-day festivals, to live in dormitory housing, etc.). These and other tests can all answer the question of “do I have COVID-19 right now?”; for day-to-day testing, you can choose the most accessible and affordable test option. Antibody tests can tell you whether you were previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 but cannot tell you whether you are infected right now. Learn more about all the different COVID-19 tests here: https://covid19testingtoolkit.centerforhealthsecurity.org/basics/types-of-covid-19-tests
Do you need to show official test results?
Yes, I need to show official test results
If you need to provide verified test results, it is best to get tested by a professional at any location where COVID-19 tests are offered. You can find a testing site near you using this HHS resource: https://www.hhs.gov/coronavirus/community-based-testing-sites/index.html. Whether you sign up for a rapid antigen test, a PCR test, or a different kind of test, the laboratory professionals will be able to provide you with official documentation. A photograph of a rapid antigen test taken by yourself without supervision likely will not be accepted if official results are required. However, some at-home test kits allow you to make a supervised telemedicine appointment so that a laboratory or medical professional can observe you performing the test, review your results, and provide you with official documentation.
How old is the person who needs a test?
Under 5 years old or requires testing assistance
A viral test can detect whether a person is infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. There are 2 types of viral tests that use body fluid samples from your nose or mouth: rapid antigen tests (at-home tests) and laboratory molecular tests (PCR tests). If you plan to travel internationally, it is best to check with the countries you will be traveling through and your destination to determine what type of test is required and when you need to test. Check with your pediatrician about which tests are recommended for children under age 2.
Over 5 years old or can independently test
A viral test can detect whether a person is infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. There are 2 types of viral tests that use body fluid samples from your nose or mouth: rapid antigen tests (at-home tests) and laboratory molecular tests (PCR tests). Most tests are authorized for use on anyone aged 2 years and older. If you plan to travel internationally, it is best to check with the countries you will be traveling through and your destination to determine what type of test is required and when you need to test. Check with your healthcare provider about which tests are recommended for persons who require assistance with performing self-testing.
What should I do if I tested positive but don’t have any symptoms?
The CDC recommends staying home for at least 5 full days after testing positive, regardless of your vaccine status or whether you are experiencing any symptoms of COVID-19. You may end isolation after 5 days if you have not had a fever for 24 hours, but you should take precautions for another 5 days before resuming normal activities. Be sure to wear a well-fitting mask if you are around others and avoid contact with people who are at high risk of severe symptoms if they get COVID-19, such as the elderly, immunocompromised, people with pre-existing conditions, or the very young.
How long do I need to isolate after testing positive?
Regardless of vaccination status, the CDC recommends that all persons testing positive for COVID-19 isolate (the period away from others after testing positive) for at least 5 days. That number may change depending on whether you develop symptoms. See below to help calculate your isolation period. Positive family members or individuals living in shared spaces should isolate away from negative housemates to prevent COVID-19 from spreading in the household. Extra precautions should be taken through day 10 after your positive test result, such as wearing a mask inside your home and in public, avoiding gathering with people who are high risk, and avoiding travel.
Are you currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19?
Yes, I am currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
If you are currently experiencing symptoms, you may end isolation once you have gone 5 full days without a fever (without fever-reducing medication) and your symptoms are improving. Count your first fever-free day as Day 0 and complete your isolation through the end of Day 5. If your symptoms reappear during this time, continue to isolate until you can repeat this process.
No, I am not currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
If you are not currently experiencing symptoms or if you have not had a fever for 5 full days (without fever-reducing medication), you may end isolation after 5 days. To calculate these days, count Day 0 as the day your test was performed and continue your isolation through Day 5. If your symptoms reappear during this time, continue to isolate until you can repeat this process.
How often should I test?
Testing is an important tool to help end the COVID-19 pandemic. Regular testing helps you know whether or not you have COVID-19 so you can take actions to prevent its spread. There are no rules for how regularly you should test if you are feeling well and are vaccinated against COVID-19, but people who are unvaccinated or not up to date on their vaccinations may want to test on a regular basis to make sure that they have not contracted COVID-19 during their normal activities. Your preferred testing schedule may depend on how often you are in public settings, how closely you interact with other people, and your access to testing resources. Regardless of vaccination status, anyone who feels ill or is showing symptoms of COVID-19 should get tested so they can make informed decisions about their health and the health of their families.
For those taking at-home tests after being exposed to COVID-19, the FDA now recommends testing multiple times over the course of a few days to ensure that the initial negative test result is accurate. After taking your first at-home test and receiving a negative result, wait for 48 hours and then test again. If it is negative again, then wait another 48 hours to test one final time. If at any point you have COVID-19 symptoms but are still receiving negative antigen test results, you may want to get a PCR-based test from a healthcare provider to make sure of your negative result.
Should I test before gathering with other households?
Are you currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19?
Yes, I am currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
Testing yourself or your family before gathering with other households is a good way to reduce the risk of spreading COVID-19. Testing should be strongly considered if high-risk family/friends will be involved in the gathering, as they have a higher risk of becoming hospitalized or having severe outcomes if they get COVID-19. Ideally, everyone who is planning to gather should take a test 24 hours before visiting and limit any more possible exposures after the test is taken. If you test negative one day but then get exposed to COVID-19 in the following days before your visit, you will need to be retested. In between your negative test result and your visit, be sure to practice other precautions such as wearing a mask and physical distancing.
What kinds of COVID-19 tests are available to buy?
The general public can buy a few different kinds of tests. Some tests can be performed at home while others require you to collect your own swab or saliva samples and send them off to a laboratory for results. Some key words or phrases that help you identify tests that give you results within minutes include “antigen self-test” or “home test.” Key phrases such as “home collection” or “self-collect” usually indicate that your sample needs to be sent to a laboratory, although the shipping costs for the samples are usually included when purchasing the kit. Depending on how quickly you need results and whether you need those results to be verified/certified by an outside party, there are many different tests you could choose. We track all tests available for use under FDA Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) here: https://covid19testingtoolkit.centerforhealthsecurity.org/testing-trackers/antigen-and-molecular-tests-for-covid-19#Current-Molecular-Tests
Can I test out of quarantine?
It is not recommended to test out of quarantine (the period away from others after being exposed to COVID-19). In fact, quarantine is no longer recommended for those who are up to date on their vaccinations. See more information below.
Vaccine Status
Vaccinated
The CDC currently does not recommend quarantine for people who are up to date on their vaccines and were possibly exposed to COVID-19. If you want to get tested, wait at least 5 days after your exposure, continue to watch for symptoms, and take precautions until 10 days after exposure.
Unvaccinated
The CDC recommends that people who are not up to date on their COVID-19 vaccines, including young children not yet eligible, should quarantine for at least 5 days after their most recent contact with someone who tested positive for COVID-19. You can test at the end of day 5, but you should still monitor yourself for symptoms and take precautions until 10 days after exposure. You only need to remain in quarantine for 5 days after exposure if you do not have any symptoms of COVID-19.
Can I test out of isolation?
It is not recommended to test out of isolation (the period away from others after testing positive). It is safer to stay in isolation for 5 full symptom-free days (see more information below). Additionally, it is possible to continue testing positive on PCR tests for COVID-19 even weeks after you have recovered from illness and are no longer infectious.
Are you currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19?
Yes, I am currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
If you are currently experiencing symptoms, you should remain in isolation until 5 full days have passed since your last day of symptoms. If you experienced severe symptoms from COVID-19, you should isolate for at least 10 days after your symptoms go away and consult with your doctor before ending isolation.
No, I am not currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
If you are not currently experiencing symptoms and you tested positive more than 5 days ago, you may end your isolation after 5 days but should continue to wear a mask and physically distance for at least 10 days after your positive test. If you should start to feel symptoms, you should restart your isolation period and then end isolation 5 days after your symptoms go away.
When should I get a test?
Timing of exposure
5 days or less
If you were exposed less than 5 days ago, then it is recommended to wait to test until 4-5 days after exposure. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
More than 5 days ago
If you were exposed at least 5 days ago, then you can test for COVID-19. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
Do you need to show official test results?
Yes, I need to show official test results
If you need to provide verified test results, it is best to get tested by a professional at any location where COVID-19 tests are offered. You can find a testing site near you using this HHS resource: https://www.hhs.gov/coronavirus/community-based-testing-sites/index.html. Whether you sign up for a rapid antigen test, a PCR test, or a different kind of test, the laboratory professionals will be able to provide you with official documentation. A photograph of a rapid antigen test taken by yourself without supervision likely will not be accepted if official results are required. However, some at-home test kits allow you to make a supervised telemedicine appointment so that a laboratory or medical professional can observe you performing the test, review your results, and provide you with official documentation.
Where can I get tested?
You can find a testing site near you by using this HHS resource: https://www.hhs.gov/coronavirus/community-based-testing-sites/index.html. Some events/locations will only accept certain kinds of tests (for example, a PCR test with laboratory-certified results), so be sure to check their COVID-19 rules before signing up for testing.
How do I know that my positive test is accurate?
Every test has some room for error, known as “false negatives” or “false positives.” Tests that are granted Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by the FDA must have a certain level of accuracy. There is also the possibility for user error. One way to be more sure about your positive test result is to take a second test at the same time or shortly after your first. However, because of how the tests are designed and how accurately they can detect SARS-CoV-2, a single positive test result is considered enough evidence to diagnose COVID-19.
Learn more about diagnostic test accuracy.
I got my test in the mail, but it came damaged – can I still use it?
Depending on the type of damage, some tests could still be used. Check the manufacturer’s instructions inside of the box or online to see their recommendations for tests that are frozen, overheated, torn, etc.
How do I know that my negative test result is accurate?
Every test has some room for error, known as “false negatives” or “false positives.” Tests that are granted Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by the FDA must have a certain level of accuracy. There is also the possibility for user error. One way to be more sure about your negative test result is to take a second test at the same time or shortly after your first. A “false negative” could happen if you test too early after exposure to COVID-19; it takes 2-14 days after exposure for COVID-19 to be detected by tests. Testing 3-5 days after a known exposure is the general recommendation. If you are attending a multi-day event, you should test yourself multiple times during and after the event to make sure you are staying healthy.
Learn more about diagnostic test accuracy.
How long do I need to quarantine after exposure?
Vaccine Status
Vaccinated
The CDC is not currently recommending quarantine for people who had contact with someone who tested positive for COVID-19 as long as they are up to date on their vaccinations. However, if your child was exposed to COVID-19 and is unvaccinated, then they will need to quarantine with your family for at least 5 days after their possible exposure. Your whole family can get tested on day 5, continue to watch for symptoms, and take precautions through day 10.
Unvaccinated
The CDC recommends that people who are not up to date on their COVID-19 vaccinations, including children, should quarantine for at least 5 days after their most recent contact with someone who tested positive for COVID-19. You can get tested at the end of day 5, but you should still monitor yourself for symptoms and take precautions through day 10. You only need to remain in quarantine for 5 days after exposure as long as you are not showing any symptoms of COVID-19.
Have you recovered from COVID-19 in the last 90 days?
Yes, I have recovered from COVID-19 in the last 90 days
The CDC recommends that people who have recovered from COVID-19 in the last 90 days, regardless of vaccination status, do not need to quarantine following exposure. However, you should still monitor yourself for symptoms and take precautions until the 10 day mark.
No, I have not recovered from COVID-19 in the last 90 days
If you or your child are up to date on your COVID-19 vaccines, then you do not need to quarantine following exposure. However, if you or your child was exposed to COVID-19 and is unvaccinated, then you will still need to quarantine with your family for at least 5 full days after possible exposure. Your whole family can get tested at that 5 day mark and continue to watch for symptoms and take precautions until the 10 day mark.
Why is testing important?
Testing for COVID-19 is important to identify where the virus is spreading, who has the virus, and how the virus is spreading. By knowing where the virus is, we can work to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Testing is also important for treating patients.
Where can I order rapid at-home tests from the U.S. Government?
You can order tests from the U.S. Government here: https://www.covidtests.gov/
How often should I test?
Testing is an important tool to help end the COVID-19 pandemic. Regular testing helps you know whether or not you have COVID-19 so you can take actions to prevent its spread. There are no rules for how regularly you should test if you are feeling well and are vaccinated against COVID-19, but people who are unvaccinated or not up to date on their vaccinations may want to test on a regular basis to make sure that they have not contracted COVID-19 during their normal activities. Your preferred testing schedule may depend on how often you are in public settings, how closely you interact with other people, and your access to testing resources. Regardless of vaccination status, anyone who feels ill or is showing symptoms of COVID-19 should get tested so they can make informed decisions about their health and the health of their families.
For those taking at-home tests after being exposed to COVID-19, the FDA now recommends testing multiple times over the course of a few days to ensure that the initial negative test result is accurate. After taking your first at-home test and receiving a negative result, wait for 48 hours and then test again. If it is negative again, then wait another 48 hours to test one final time. If at any point you have COVID-19 symptoms but are still receiving negative antigen test results, you may want to get a PCR-based test from a healthcare provider to make sure of your negative result.
Are there any risks to testing myself/family/etc. regularly?
There are no physical risks to testing regularly. Always follow the directions and make sure to take care when swabbing sensitive nasal or throat passages. Regular testing is important to keep track of your personal health but also helps prevent spread to vulnerable individuals around you.
Who do I report results to?
If you got tested at a healthcare facility, pharmacy, or sent your self-swab into a laboratory, your results will automatically be reported to the local/state public health department. If you performed an at-home test and tested positive, you can report your results to your primary care provider or local health department. Most at-home tests have a QR code that you can scan to help you report your test result to the appropriate public health authorities. In some cases, public health authorities will perform contact tracing of anyone who may have been exposed to you to limit spread and to initiate treatment.
Do tests expire? Should I throw them away?
Tests eventually expire. When tests expire, they will be less able to correctly detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Different tests have different recommended shelf lives. Check the test packaging for the expiration date. Using an expired test is not harmful or dangerous, but your results may be less accurate. If the tests have been exposed to high heat or extreme cold, you should discard them to avoid a potentially inaccurate test result.
What does it mean if my COVID-19 test result is inconclusive or unclear?
An inconclusive or unclear COVID-19 test result can be caused by several factors. One reason a test may come back with an inconclusive result is that viral DNA was present but only in amounts too small for a true positive. Low amounts of viral DNA can occur when an infection is very new, when an infection is nearly over, or when a sample wasn’t collected properly.
Inconclusive or unclear test results can also occur when a COVID-19 test that detects both a SARS-CoV-2 specific target and a general coronavirus target only detects the general coronavirus target. If the result is inconclusive or unclear, you should quarantine until you can discuss the results with a medical professional or you can get retested.
You can learn more about inconclusive test results here:
Are there at-home flu tests?
There are currently no at-home rapid tests that can quickly diagnose a flu infection. Some flu tests allow you to swab yourself at home and mail the swab to a laboratory. There also are some PCR tests for COVID-19 that look for both SARS-CoV-2 and different strains of flu viruses.
Are there other at-home tests for infectious diseases?
There are currently very few at-home rapid tests for other infectious diseases. There are at-home rapid HIV tests and strep throat tests, but they are not widely used. With the success and demand for COVID-19 at-home rapid tests, the diagnostic testing industry may develop more at-home tests for different diseases in the future.
Should I test myself regularly if at-home tests are available?
When COVID-19 case numbers are low in your area, you do not need to regularly test yourself as long as you are feeling well. If you are not up to date on your vaccinations, you may choose to test yourself more regularly as an extra layer of protection and a way of detecting COVID-19 early if you were exposed. However, during times when case numbers are high or very high in your community, there is a greater chance that you may be exposed to COVID-19 without knowing and therefore you may want to test yourself more frequently. You can keep at-home test kits on hand in case you feel ill or in case of future surges. There are many resources to learn about the case numbers in your area, such as state or local public health department websites, the Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center (https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/us-map), the CDC COVID Data Tracker (https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#datatracker-home), or the New York Times Coronavirus Map (https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/us/covid-cases.html).
For those taking at-home tests after being exposed to COVID-19, the FDA now recommends testing multiple times over the course of a few days to ensure that the initial negative test result is accurate. After taking your first at-home test and receiving a negative result, wait for 48 hours and then test again. If it is negative again, then wait another 48 hours to test one final time. If at any point you have COVID-19 symptoms but are still receiving negative antigen test results, you may want to get a PCR-based test from a healthcare provider to make sure of your negative result.
What kinds of COVID-19 tests are available to buy?
The general public can buy a few different kinds of tests. Some tests can be performed at home while others require you to collect your own swab or saliva samples and send them off to a laboratory for results. Some key words or phrases that help you identify tests that give you results within minutes include “antigen self-test” or “home test.” Key phrases such as “home collection” or “self-collect” usually indicate that your sample needs to be sent to a laboratory, although the shipping costs for the samples are usually included when purchasing the kit. We track all tests available for use under FDA Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) here: https://covid19testingtoolkit.centerforhealthsecurity.org/testing-trackers/antigen-and-molecular-tests-for-covid-19#Current-Molecular-Tests
Where can I get tested?
You can find a testing site near you by using this HHS resource: https://www.hhs.gov/coronavirus/community-based-testing-sites/index.html.
How should I store tests at home?
Tests should be stored at room temperature in a dry place. Places like bathrooms could become too humid, and unconditioned basements or garages could have unpredictable temperatures.
I got my test in the mail, but it came damaged – can I still use it?
Depending on the type of damage, some tests could still be used. Check the manufacturer’s instructions inside of the box or online to see their recommendations for tests that are frozen, overheated, torn, etc.
Should I throw used at-home tests in the trash? Or should I recycle them?
Because used test materials contain human fluids (nasal samples, saliva, etc.), the test components should be thrown away in the trash. This includes nasal swabs, test cartridges, mixing tubes, etc. If the tests came in recyclable boxes, however, you can recycle these outer packaging materials.
What can an antibody test tell me?
Antibody tests look for markers of past infection with SARS-CoV-2. They are not used to tell whether you are sick with COVID-19 at this moment. Because of this limitation, antibody tests cannot tell the average person too much about their current circumstances, but they can help public health researchers learn about how much COVID-19 has spread through a city, state, country, etc. You can learn more about antibody tests and their uses here: https://covid19testingtoolkit.centerforhealthsecurity.org/basics/types-of-covid-19-tests/serology-tests
What is Test-to-Treat?
The Test-to-Treat Initiative is a program started in March 2022 that allows individuals to get a COVID-19 test and receive COVID-19 treatment at the same location. Locations include some local pharmacies, federally qualified health centers, and long-term care facilities. This program helps individuals who have COVID-19 get quick access to treatment and ensure those at high-risk of severe illness quickly get care. Learn more and find a Test-to-Treat location at https://www.covid.gov/.
How are tests approved by the FDA?
All tests seeking FDA approval go through a rigorous review process to make sure that they are safe and accurate. FDA approval is not the same as an FDA Emergency Use Authorization (EUA), which is a special status that is granted to qualifying tests during a public health emergency at the FDA’s discretion. Learn more about the approval process.
What is the best kind of test to take before visiting high-risk family/friends
Some people, including the elderly, immunocompromised, or those with another condition, are at a higher risk of being hospitalized or experiencing severe illness if they get COVID-19. Therefore, it is best to take extra precautions when planning to visit. Ideally, everyone who is planning to visit high-risk family/friends should take a test 24 hours before visiting and limit any more possible exposures after the test is taken. If you test negative one day but then get exposed to COVID-19 in the following days before your visit, you will need to be retested. In between your negative test result and your visit, be sure to practice other precautions such as wearing a mask and physical distancing. PCR, or molecular, tests generally provide more accurate results than rapid antigen tests, or at-home tests, but because PCR tests are usually processed in a laboratory, you will need to account for longer times to process your results.
What should I do if I tested positive but don’t have any symptoms?
The CDC recommends staying home for at least 5 full days after testing positive, regardless of your vaccine status or whether you are experiencing any symptoms of COVID-19. You may end isolation after 5 days if you have not had a fever for 24 hours, but you should take precautions for another 5 days before resuming normal activities. Be sure to wear a well-fitting mask if you are around others and avoid contact with people who are at high risk of severe symptoms if they get COVID-19, such as the elderly, immunocompromised, people with pre-existing conditions, or the very young.
How long do I need to isolate after testing positive?
Regardless of vaccination status, the CDC recommends that all persons testing positive for COVID-19 isolate (the period away from others after testing positive) for at least 5 days. That number may change depending on whether you develop symptoms. See below to help calculate your isolation period. Positive family members or individuals living in shared spaces should isolate away from negative housemates to prevent COVID-19 from spreading in the household. Extra precautions should be taken through day 10 after your positive test result, such as wearing a mask inside your home and in public, avoiding gathering with people who are high risk, and avoiding travel.
Are you currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19?
Yes, I am currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
If you are currently experiencing symptoms, you may end isolation once you have gone 5 full days without a fever (without fever-reducing medication) and your symptoms are improving. Count your first fever-free day as Day 0 and complete your isolation through the end of Day 5. If your symptoms reappear during this time, continue to isolate until you can repeat this process.
No, I am not currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
If you are not currently experiencing symptoms or if you have not had a fever for 5 full days (without fever-reducing medication), you may end isolation after 5 days. To calculate these days, count Day 0 as the day your test was performed and continue your isolation through Day 5. If your symptoms reappear during this time, continue to isolate until you can repeat this process.
How often should I test?
Testing is an important tool to help end the COVID-19 pandemic. Regular testing helps you know whether or not you have COVID-19 so you can take actions to prevent its spread. There are no rules for how regularly you should test if you are feeling well and are vaccinated against COVID-19, but people who are unvaccinated or not up to date on their vaccinations may want to test on a regular basis to make sure that they have not contracted COVID-19 during their normal activities. Your preferred testing schedule may depend on how often you are in public settings, how closely you interact with other people, and your access to testing resources. Regardless of vaccination status, anyone who feels ill or is showing symptoms of COVID-19 should get tested so they can make informed decisions about their health and the health of their families.
For those taking at-home tests after being exposed to COVID-19, the FDA now recommends testing multiple times over the course of a few days to ensure that the initial negative test result is accurate. After taking your first at-home test and receiving a negative result, wait for 48 hours and then test again. If it is negative again, then wait another 48 hours to test one final time. If at any point you have COVID-19 symptoms but are still receiving negative antigen test results, you may want to get a PCR-based test from a healthcare provider to make sure of your negative result.
Who do I report results to?
If you got tested at a healthcare facility, pharmacy, or sent your self-swab into a laboratory, your results will automatically be reported to the local/state public health department. If you performed an at-home test and tested positive, you can report your results to your primary care provider or local health department. Most at-home tests have a QR code that you can scan to help you report your test result to the appropriate public health authorities. In some cases, public health authorities will perform contact tracing of anyone who may have been exposed to you to limit spread and to initiate treatment.
Can I test out of isolation?
It is not recommended to test out of isolation (the period away from others after testing positive). It is safer to stay in isolation for 5 full symptom-free days (see more information below). Additionally, it is possible to continue testing positive on PCR tests for COVID-19 even weeks after you have recovered from illness and are no longer infectious.
Are you currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19?
Yes, I am currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
If you are currently experiencing symptoms, you should remain in isolation until 5 full days have passed since your last day of symptoms. If you experienced severe symptoms from COVID-19, you should isolate for at least 10 days after your symptoms go away and consult with your doctor before ending isolation.
No, I am not currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
If you are not currently experiencing symptoms and you tested positive more than 5 days ago, you may end your isolation after 5 days but should continue to wear a mask and physically distance for at least 10 days after your positive test. If you should start to feel symptoms, you should restart your isolation period and then end isolation 5 days after your symptoms go away.
What kinds of COVID-19 tests are available to buy?
The general public can buy a few different kinds of tests. Some tests can be performed at home while others require you to collect your own swab or saliva samples and send them off to a laboratory for results. Some key words or phrases that help you identify tests that give you results within minutes include “antigen self-test” or “home test.” Key phrases such as “home collection” or “self-collect” usually indicate that your sample needs to be sent to a laboratory, although the shipping costs for the samples are usually included when purchasing the kit. We track all tests available for use under FDA Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) here: https://covid19testingtoolkit.centerforhealthsecurity.org/testing-trackers/antigen-and-molecular-tests-for-covid-19#Current-Molecular-Tests
Which kind of test should I get?
If you recently tested positive for COVID-19 with a rapid antigen test or a PCR test, this is enough to be considered an accurate diagnosis. If you want to confirm your results with another test, be aware that PCR tests can detect very low levels of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and some people may continue to test positive after they are no longer infectious.
Where can I get tested?
You can find a testing site near you by using this HHS resource: https://www.hhs.gov/coronavirus/community-based-testing-sites/index.html.
How do I know that my positive test is accurate?
Every test has some room for error, known as “false negatives” or “false positives.” Tests that are granted Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by the FDA must have a certain level of accuracy. There is also the possibility for user error. One way to be more sure about your positive test result is to take a second test at the same time or shortly after your first. However, because of how the tests are designed and how accurately they can detect SARS-CoV-2, a single positive test result is considered enough evidence to diagnose COVID-19.
Learn more about diagnostic test accuracy.
What can an antibody test tell me?
Antibody tests look for markers of past infection with SARS-CoV-2. They are not used to tell whether you are sick with COVID-19 at this moment. Because of this limitation, antibody tests cannot tell the average person too much about their current circumstances, but they can help public health researchers learn about how much COVID-19 has spread through a city, state, country, etc. You can learn more about antibody tests and their uses here: https://covid19testingtoolkit.centerforhealthsecurity.org/basics/types-of-covid-19-tests/serology-tests
If I have been exposed to someone with COVID-19, should I get a test?
Timing of exposure
5 days or less
If you were exposed less than 5 days ago, then the CDC recommends to wait to test on day 5 after exposure. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
More than 5 days ago
If you were exposed at least 5 days ago, then you can test for COVID-19. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
How long do I need to quarantine after exposure?
Vaccine Status
Vaccinated
The CDC is not currently recommending quarantine for people who had contact with someone who tested positive for COVID-19 as long as they are up to date on their vaccinations. However, if your child was exposed to COVID-19 and is unvaccinated, then they will need to quarantine with your family for at least 5 days after their possible exposure. Your whole family can get tested on day 5, continue to watch for symptoms, and take precautions through day 10.
Unvaccinated
The CDC recommends that people who are not up to date on their COVID-19 vaccinations, including children, should quarantine for at least 5 days after their most recent contact with someone who tested positive for COVID-19. You can get tested at the end of day 5, but you should still monitor yourself for symptoms and take precautions through day 10. You only need to remain in quarantine for 5 days after exposure as long as you are not showing any symptoms of COVID-19.
Have you recovered from COVID-19 in the last 90 days?
Yes, I have recovered from COVID-19 in the last 90 days
The CDC recommends that people who have recovered from COVID-19 in the last 90 days, regardless of vaccination status, do not need to quarantine following exposure. However, you should still monitor yourself for symptoms and take precautions until the 10 day mark.
No, I have not recovered from COVID-19 in the last 90 days
If you or your child are up to date on your COVID-19 vaccines, then you do not need to quarantine following exposure. However, if you or your child was exposed to COVID-19 and is unvaccinated, then you will still need to quarantine with your family for at least 5 full days after possible exposure. Your whole family can get tested at that 5 day mark and continue to watch for symptoms and take precautions until the 10 day mark.
Is it safe to visit high-risk family/friends if I tested negative recently?
Some people, including the elderly, immunocompromised, or those with another condition, are at a higher risk of being hospitalized or experiencing severe illness if they get COVID-19. Therefore, it is best to take extra precautions when planning to visit. Ideally, everyone who is planning to visit high-risk family/friends should take a test 24 hours before visiting and limit any more possible exposures after the test is taken. If you test negative one day but then get exposed to COVID-19 in the following days before your visit, you will need to be retested. In between your negative test result and your visit, be sure to practice other precautions such as wearing a mask and physical distancing.
My family member tested positive, but I was negative. Do I need to keep testing and if so at what intervals?
For those taking at-home tests after being exposed to COVID-19, the FDA now recommends testing multiple times over the course of a few days to ensure that the initial negative test result is accurate. After taking your first at-home test and receiving a negative result, wait for 48 hours and then test again. If it is negative again, then wait another 48 hours to test one final time. If at any point you have COVID-19 symptoms but are still receiving negative antigen test results, you may want to get a PCR-based test from a healthcare provider to make sure of your negative result.
Vaccine Status
Vaccinated
If your family member tested positive and you are up to date on your vaccinations, then you can monitor yourself for symptoms and test yourself in 5 days. There is no need to quarantine with your positive family member during those 5 days if you are vaccinated, but you should still take the precautions of wearing masks in the home and being in separate living spaces to prevent the spread of COVID-19. You will want to get tested 5 days after your most recent exposure to your family member. If their symptoms last for a prolonged period of time (greater than 10 days), you may want to test yourself every 3-5 days. Several factors may influence your decision to test more frequently, such as whether you need to work in-person, whether you visit high-risk or immunocompromised people, or if you need to send children into school. Once your family member is fever-free for 5 days (without fever-reducing medication) and their symptoms are improving, you will not need to test yourself as frequently.
Unvaccinated
If you are not vaccinated or not up to date on your vaccinations, then you will need to quarantine due to your exposure to your positive family member for at least 5 days. You will want to get tested 5 days after your most recent exposure to your family member. If their symptoms last for a prolonged period of time (greater than 10 days), you may want to test yourself every 3-5 days. Several factors may influence your decision to test more frequently, such as whether you need to work in-person, whether you visit high-risk or immunocompromised people, or if you need to send children into school. Once your family member is fever-free for 5 days (without fever-reducing medication) and their symptoms are improving, you will not need to test yourself as frequently.
What is the best kind of test to take before visiting high-risk family/friends?
Some people, including the elderly, immunocompromised, or those with another condition, are at a higher risk of being hospitalized or experiencing severe illness if they get COVID-19. Therefore, it is best to take extra precautions when planning to visit. Ideally, everyone who is planning to visit high-risk family/friends should take a test 24 hours before visiting and limit any more possible exposures after the test is taken. If you test negative one day but then get exposed to COVID-19 in the following days before your visit, you will need to be retested. In between your negative test result and your visit, be sure to practice other precautions such as wearing a mask and physical distancing. PCR, or molecular, tests generally provide more accurate results than rapid antigen tests, or at-home tests, but because PCR tests are usually processed in a laboratory, you will need to account for longer times to process your results.
Which kind of test should I get?
There are many different kinds of COVID-19 tests and it can be difficult to decide which kind is best for your situation. Rapid antigen tests can return results within 30 minutes, some of which are authorized for at-home use. PCR tests can detect very low levels of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and are often preferred for situations where testing negative is extremely important (i.e., for travel, before multi-day festivals, to live in dormitory housing, etc.). These and other tests can all answer the question of “do I have COVID-19 right now?”; for day-to-day testing, you can choose the most accessible and affordable test option. Antibody tests can tell you whether you were previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 but cannot tell you whether you are infected right now. Learn more about all the different COVID-19 tests here: https://www.centerforhealthsecurity.org/covid-19TestingToolkit/testing-basics/types-of-COVID-19-tests.html
Do you need to show official test results?
Yes, I need to show official test results
If you need to provide verified test results, it is best to get tested by a professional at any location where COVID-19 tests are offered. You can find a testing site near you using this HHS resource: https://www.hhs.gov/coronavirus/community-based-testing-sites/index.html. Whether you sign up for a rapid antigen test, a PCR test, or a different kind of test, the laboratory professionals will be able to provide you with official documentation. A photograph of a rapid antigen test taken by yourself without supervision likely will not be accepted if official results are required. However, some at-home test kits allow you to make a supervised telemedicine appointment so that a laboratory or medical professional can observe you performing the test, review your results, and provide you with official documentation.
How old is the person who needs a test?
Under 5 years old or requires testing assistance
A viral test can detect whether a person is infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. There are 2 types of viral tests that use body fluid samples from your nose or mouth: rapid antigen tests (at-home tests) and laboratory molecular tests (PCR tests). If you plan to travel internationally, it is best to check with the countries you will be traveling through and your destination to determine what type of test is required and when you need to test. Check with your pediatrician about which tests are recommended for children under age 2.
Over 5 years old or can independently test
A viral test can detect whether a person is infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. There are 2 types of viral tests that use body fluid samples from your nose or mouth: rapid antigen tests (at-home tests) and laboratory molecular tests (PCR tests). Most tests are authorized for use on anyone aged 2 years and older. If you plan to travel internationally, it is best to check with the countries you will be traveling through and your destination to determine what type of test is required and when you need to test. Check with your healthcare provider about which tests are recommended for persons who require assistance with performing self-testing.
How do I know that my negative test result is accurate?
Every test has some room for error, known as “false negatives” or “false positives.” Tests that are granted Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by the FDA must have a certain level of accuracy. There is also the possibility for user error. One way to be more sure about your negative test result is to take a second test at the same time or shortly after your first. A “false negative” could happen if you test too early after exposure to COVID-19; it takes 2-14 days after exposure for COVID-19 to be detected by tests. Testing 3-5 days after a known exposure is the general recommendation.
For those taking at-home tests after being exposed to COVID-19, the FDA now recommends testing multiple times over the course of a few days to ensure that the initial negative test result is accurate. After taking your first at-home test and receiving a negative result, wait for 48 hours and then test again. If it is negative again, then wait another 48 hours to test one final time. If at any point you have COVID-19 symptoms but are still receiving negative antigen test results, you may want to get a PCR-based test from a healthcare provider to make sure of your negative result.
Learn more about diagnostic test accuracy.
How often should I test?
Testing is an important tool to help end the COVID-19 pandemic. Regular testing helps you know whether or not you have COVID-19 so you can take actions to prevent its spread. There are no rules for how regularly you should test if you are feeling well and are vaccinated against COVID-19, but people who are unvaccinated or not up to date on their vaccinations may want to test on a regular basis to make sure that they have not contracted COVID-19 during their normal activities. Your preferred testing schedule may depend on how often you are in public settings, how closely you interact with other people, and your access to testing resources. Regardless of vaccination status, anyone who feels ill or is showing symptoms of COVID-19 should get tested so they can make informed decisions about their health and the health of their families.
For those taking at-home tests after being exposed to COVID-19, the FDA now recommends testing multiple times over the course of a few days to ensure that the initial negative test result is accurate. After taking your first at-home test and receiving a negative result, wait for 48 hours and then test again. If it is negative again, then wait another 48 hours to test one final time. If at any point you have COVID-19 symptoms but are still receiving negative antigen test results, you may want to get a PCR-based test from a healthcare provider to make sure of your negative result.
Who do I report results to?
If you got tested at a healthcare facility, pharmacy, or sent your self-swab into a laboratory, your results will automatically be reported to the local/state public health department. If you performed an at-home test and tested positive, you can report your results to your primary care provider or local health department. Most at-home tests have a QR code that you can scan to help you report your test result to the appropriate public health authorities. In some cases, public health authorities will perform contact tracing of anyone who may have been exposed to you to limit spread and to initiate treatment.
What kinds of COVID-19 tests are available to buy?
The general public can buy a few different kinds of tests. Some tests can be performed at home while others require you to collect your own swab or saliva samples and send them off to a laboratory for results. Some key words or phrases that help you identify tests that give you results within minutes include “antigen self-test” or “home test.” Key phrases such as “home collection” or “self-collect” usually indicate that your sample needs to be sent to a laboratory, although the shipping costs for the samples are usually included when purchasing the kit. We track all tests available for use under FDA Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) here: https://covid19testingtoolkit.centerforhealthsecurity.org/testing-trackers/antigen-and-molecular-tests-for-covid-19#Current-Molecular-Tests
Can I test out of quarantine?
It is not recommended to test out of quarantine (the period away from others after being exposed to COVID-19). In fact, quarantine is no longer recommended for those who are up to date on their vaccinations. See more information below.
Vaccine Status
Vaccinated
The CDC currently does not recommend quarantine for people who are up to date on their vaccines and were possibly exposed to COVID-19. If you want to get tested, wait at least 5 days after your exposure, continue to watch for symptoms, and take precautions until 10 days after exposure.
Unvaccinated
The CDC recommends that people who are not up to date on their COVID-19 vaccines, including young children not yet eligible, should quarantine for at least 5 days after their most recent contact with someone who tested positive for COVID-19. You can test at the end of day 5, but you should still monitor yourself for symptoms and take precautions until 10 days after exposure. You only need to remain in quarantine for 5 days after exposure if you do not have any symptoms of COVID-19.
When should I get a test?
Timing of exposure
5 days or less
If you were exposed less than 5 days ago, then it is recommended to wait to test until 4-5 days after exposure. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
More than 5 days ago
If you were exposed at least 5 days ago, then you can test for COVID-19. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
Do you need to show official test results?
Yes, I need to show official test results
If you need to provide verified test results, it is best to get tested by a professional at any location where COVID-19 tests are offered. You can find a testing site near you using this HHS resource: https://www.hhs.gov/coronavirus/community-based-testing-sites/index.html. Whether you sign up for a rapid antigen test, a PCR test, or a different kind of test, the laboratory professionals will be able to provide you with official documentation. A photograph of a rapid antigen test taken by yourself without supervision likely will not be accepted if official results are required. However, some at-home test kits allow you to make a supervised telemedicine appointment so that a laboratory or medical professional can observe you performing the test, review your results, and provide you with official documentation.
Where can I get tested?
You can find a testing site near you by using this HHS resource: https://www.hhs.gov/coronavirus/community-based-testing-sites/index.html.
I got my test in the mail, but it came damaged – can I still use it?
Depending on the type of damage, some tests could still be used. Check the manufacturer’s instructions inside of the box or online to see their recommendations for tests that are frozen, overheated, torn, etc.
What can an antibody test tell me?
Antibody tests look for markers of past infection with SARS-CoV-2. They are not used to tell whether you are sick with COVID-19 at this moment. Because of this limitation, antibody tests cannot tell the average person too much about their current circumstances, but they can help public health researchers learn about how much COVID-19 has spread through a city, state, country, etc. You can learn more about antibody tests and their uses here: https://covid19testingtoolkit.centerforhealthsecurity.org/basics/types-of-covid-19-tests/serology-tests
How long do I need to quarantine after exposure?
Vaccine Status
Vaccinated
The CDC is not currently recommending quarantine for people who had contact with someone who tested positive for COVID-19 as long as they are up to date on their vaccinations. However, if your child was exposed to COVID-19 and is unvaccinated, then they will need to quarantine with your family for at least 5 days after their possible exposure. Your whole family can get tested on day 5, continue to watch for symptoms, and take precautions through day 10.
Unvaccinated
The CDC recommends that people who are not up to date on their COVID-19 vaccinations, including children, should quarantine for at least 5 days after their most recent contact with someone who tested positive for COVID-19. You can get tested at the end of day 5, but you should still monitor yourself for symptoms and take precautions through day 10. You only need to remain in quarantine for 5 days after exposure as long as you are not showing any symptoms of COVID-19.
Have you recovered from COVID-19 in the last 90 days?
Yes, I have recovered from COVID-19 in the last 90 days
The CDC recommends that people who have recovered from COVID-19 in the last 90 days, regardless of vaccination status, do not need to quarantine following exposure. However, you should still monitor yourself for symptoms and take precautions until the 10 day mark.
No, I have not recovered from COVID-19 in the last 90 days
If you or your child are up to date on your COVID-19 vaccines, then you do not need to quarantine following exposure. However, if you or your child was exposed to COVID-19 and is unvaccinated, then you will still need to quarantine with your family for at least 5 full days after possible exposure. Your whole family can get tested at that 5 day mark and continue to watch for symptoms and take precautions until the 10 day mark.
Is it safe to visit high-risk family/friends if I tested negative recently?
Some people, including the elderly, immunocompromised, or those with another condition, are at a higher risk of being hospitalized or experiencing severe illness if they get COVID-19. Therefore, it is best to take extra precautions when planning to visit. Ideally, everyone who is planning to visit high-risk family/friends should take a test 24 hours before visiting and limit any more possible exposures after the test is taken. If you test negative one day but then get exposed to COVID-19 in the following days before your visit, you will need to be retested. In between your negative test result and your visit, be sure to practice other precautions such as wearing a mask and physical distancing.
My family member tested positive, but I was negative. Do I need to keep testing and if so at what intervals?
For those taking at-home tests after being exposed to COVID-19, the FDA now recommends testing multiple times over the course of a few days to ensure that the initial negative test result is accurate. After taking your first at-home test and receiving a negative result, wait for 48 hours and then test again. If it is negative again, then wait another 48 hours to test one final time. If at any point you have COVID-19 symptoms but are still receiving negative antigen test results, you may want to get a PCR-based test from a healthcare provider to make sure of your negative result.
Vaccine Status
Vaccinated
If your family member tested positive and you are up to date on your vaccinations, then you can monitor yourself for symptoms and test yourself in 5 days. There is no need to quarantine with your positive family member during those 5 days if you are vaccinated, but you should still take the precautions of wearing masks in the home and being in separate living spaces to prevent the spread of COVID-19. You will want to get tested 5 days after your most recent exposure to your family member. If their symptoms last for a prolonged period of time (greater than 10 days), you may want to test yourself every 3-5 days. Several factors may influence your decision to test more frequently, such as whether you need to work in-person, whether you visit high-risk or immunocompromised people, or if you need to send children into school. Once your family member is fever-free for 5 days (without fever-reducing medication) and their symptoms are improving, you will not need to test yourself as frequently.
Unvaccinated
If you are not vaccinated or not up to date on your vaccinations, then you will need to quarantine due to your exposure to your positive family member for at least 5 days. You will want to get tested 5 days after your most recent exposure to your family member. If their symptoms last for a prolonged period of time (greater than 10 days), you may want to test yourself every 3-5 days. Several factors may influence your decision to test more frequently, such as whether you need to work in-person, whether you visit high-risk or immunocompromised people, or if you need to send children into school. Once your family member is fever-free for 5 days (without fever-reducing medication) and their symptoms are improving, you will not need to test yourself as frequently.
What is the best kind of test to take before visiting high-risk family/friends?
Some people, including the elderly, immunocompromised, or those with another condition, are at a higher risk of being hospitalized or experiencing severe illness if they get COVID-19. Therefore, it is best to take extra precautions when planning to visit. Ideally, everyone who is planning to visit high-risk family/friends should take a test 24 hours before visiting and limit any more possible exposures after the test is taken. If you test negative one day but then get exposed to COVID-19 in the following days before your visit, you will need to be retested. In between your negative test result and your visit, be sure to practice other precautions such as wearing a mask and physical distancing. PCR, or molecular, tests generally provide more accurate results than rapid antigen tests, or at-home tests, but because PCR tests are usually processed in a laboratory, you will need to account for longer times to process your results.
Which kind of test should I get?
There are many different kinds of COVID-19 tests and it can be difficult to decide which kind is best for your situation. Rapid antigen tests can return results within 30 minutes, some of which are authorized for at-home use. PCR tests can detect very low levels of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and are often preferred for situations where testing negative is extremely important (i.e., for travel, before multi-day festivals, to live in dormitory housing, etc.). These and other tests can all answer the question of “do I have COVID-19 right now?”; for day-to-day testing, you can choose the most accessible and affordable test option. Antibody tests can tell you whether you were previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 but cannot tell you whether you are infected right now. Learn more about all the different COVID-19 tests here: https://covid19testingtoolkit.centerforhealthsecurity.org/basics/types-of-covid-19-tests
Do you need to show official test results?
Yes, I need to show official test results
If you need to provide verified test results, it is best to get tested by a professional at any location where COVID-19 tests are offered. You can find a testing site near you using this HHS resource: https://www.hhs.gov/coronavirus/community-based-testing-sites/index.html. Whether you sign up for a rapid antigen test, a PCR test, or a different kind of test, the laboratory professionals will be able to provide you with official documentation. A photograph of a rapid antigen test taken by yourself without supervision likely will not be accepted if official results are required. However, some at-home test kits allow you to make a supervised telemedicine appointment so that a laboratory or medical professional can observe you performing the test, review your results, and provide you with official documentation.
How old is the person who needs a test?
Under 5 years old or requires testing assistance
A viral test can detect whether a person is infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. There are 2 types of viral tests that use body fluid samples from your nose or mouth: rapid antigen tests (at-home tests) and laboratory molecular tests (PCR tests). If you plan to travel internationally, it is best to check with the countries you will be traveling through and your destination to determine what type of test is required and when you need to test. Check with your pediatrician about which tests are recommended for children under age 2.
Over 5 years old or can independently test
A viral test can detect whether a person is infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. There are 2 types of viral tests that use body fluid samples from your nose or mouth: rapid antigen tests (at-home tests) and laboratory molecular tests (PCR tests). Most tests are authorized for use on anyone aged 2 years and older. If you plan to travel internationally, it is best to check with the countries you will be traveling through and your destination to determine what type of test is required and when you need to test. Check with your healthcare provider about which tests are recommended for persons who require assistance with performing self-testing.
What should I do if I tested positive but don’t have any symptoms?
The CDC recommends staying home for at least 5 full days after testing positive, regardless of your vaccine status or whether you are experiencing any symptoms of COVID-19. You may end isolation after 5 days if you have not had a fever for 24 hours, but you should take precautions for another 5 days before resuming normal activities. Be sure to wear a well-fitting mask if you are around others and avoid contact with people who are at high risk of severe symptoms if they get COVID-19, such as the elderly, immunocompromised, people with pre-existing conditions, or the very young.
How long do I need to isolate after testing positive?
Regardless of vaccination status, the CDC recommends that all persons testing positive for COVID-19 isolate (the period away from others after testing positive) for at least 5 days. That number may change depending on whether you develop symptoms. See below to help calculate your isolation period. Positive family members or individuals living in shared spaces should isolate away from negative housemates to prevent COVID-19 from spreading in the household. Extra precautions should be taken through day 10 after your positive test result, such as wearing a mask inside your home and in public, avoiding gathering with people who are high risk, and avoiding travel.
Are you currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19?
Yes, I am currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
If you are currently experiencing symptoms, you may end isolation once you have gone 5 full days without a fever (without fever-reducing medication) and your symptoms are improving. Count your first fever-free day as Day 0 and complete your isolation through the end of Day 5. If your symptoms reappear during this time, continue to isolate until you can repeat this process.
No, I am not currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
If you are not currently experiencing symptoms or if you have not had a fever for 5 full days (without fever-reducing medication), you may end isolation after 5 days. To calculate these days, count Day 0 as the day your test was performed and continue your isolation through Day 5. If your symptoms reappear during this time, continue to isolate until you can repeat this process.
How often should I test?
Testing is an important tool to help end the COVID-19 pandemic. Regular testing helps you know whether or not you have COVID-19 so you can take actions to prevent its spread. There are no rules for how regularly you should test if you are feeling well and are vaccinated against COVID-19, but people who are unvaccinated or not up to date on their vaccinations may want to test on a regular basis to make sure that they have not contracted COVID-19 during their normal activities. Your preferred testing schedule may depend on how often you are in public settings, how closely you interact with other people, and your access to testing resources. Regardless of vaccination status, anyone who feels ill or is showing symptoms of COVID-19 should get tested so they can make informed decisions about their health and the health of their families.
For those taking at-home tests after being exposed to COVID-19, the FDA now recommends testing multiple times over the course of a few days to ensure that the initial negative test result is accurate. After taking your first at-home test and receiving a negative result, wait for 48 hours and then test again. If it is negative again, then wait another 48 hours to test one final time. If at any point you have COVID-19 symptoms but are still receiving negative antigen test results, you may want to get a PCR-based test from a healthcare provider to make sure of your negative result.
Are there any risks to testing myself/family/etc. regularly?
There are no physical risks to testing regularly. Always follow the directions and make sure to take care when swabbing sensitive nasal or throat passages. Regular testing is important to keep track of your personal health but also helps prevent spread to vulnerable individuals around you.
Who do I report results to?
If you got tested at a healthcare facility, pharmacy, or sent your self-swab into a laboratory, your results will automatically be reported to the local/state public health department. If you performed an at-home test and tested positive, you can report your results to your primary care provider or local health department. Most at-home tests have a QR code that you can scan to help you report your test result to the appropriate public health authorities. In some cases, public health authorities will perform contact tracing of anyone who may have been exposed to you to limit spread and to initiate treatment.
How do I know that my negative test result is accurate?
Every test has some room for error, known as “false negatives” or “false positives.” Tests that are granted Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by the FDA must have a certain level of accuracy. There is also the possibility for user error. One way to be more sure about your negative test result is to take a second test at the same time or shortly after your first. Most tests are authorized for use on anyone aged 2 years and older. Check with your pediatrician or healthcare provider about which tests are recommended for children under age 2 or for persons who require assistance with performing self-testing.
Learn more about diagnostic test accuracy.
Should I test before gathering with other households?
Are you currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19?
Yes, I am currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
Testing yourself or your family before gathering with other households is a good way to reduce the risk of spreading COVID-19. Testing should be strongly considered if high-risk family/friends will be involved in the gathering, as they have a higher risk of becoming hospitalized or having severe outcomes if they get COVID-19. Ideally, everyone who is planning to gather should take a test 24 hours before visiting and limit any more possible exposures after the test is taken. If you test negative one day but then get exposed to COVID-19 in the following days before your visit, you will need to be retested. In between your negative test result and your visit, be sure to practice other precautions such as wearing a mask and physical distancing.
Can I test out of quarantine?
It is not recommended to test out of quarantine (the period away from others after being exposed to COVID-19). In fact, quarantine is no longer recommended for those who are up to date on their vaccinations. See more information below.
Vaccine Status
Vaccinated
The CDC currently does not recommend quarantine for people who are up to date on their vaccines and were possibly exposed to COVID-19. If you want to get tested, wait at least 5 days after your exposure, continue to watch for symptoms, and take precautions until 10 days after exposure.
Unvaccinated
The CDC recommends that people who are not up to date on their COVID-19 vaccines, including young children not yet eligible, should quarantine for at least 5 days after their most recent contact with someone who tested positive for COVID-19. You can test at the end of day 5, but you should still monitor yourself for symptoms and take precautions until 10 days after exposure. You only need to remain in quarantine for 5 days after exposure if you do not have any symptoms of COVID-19.
What kinds of COVID-19 tests are available to buy?
The general public can buy a few different kinds of tests. Some tests can be perfomed at home while others require you to collect your own swab or saliva samples and send them off to a laboratory for results. Some key words or phrases that help you identify tests that give you results within minutes include “antigen self-test” or “home test.” Key phrases such as “home collection” or “self-collect” usually indicate that your sample needs to be sent to a laboratory, although the shipping costs for the samples are usually included when purchasing the kit. Note that some tests are not recommended for children under certain ages or require adult supervision/assistance to help ensure results are accurate. Depending on how quickly you need results and whether you need those results to be verified/certified by an outside party, there are many different tests you could choose. We track all tests available for use under FDA Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) here: https://covid19testingtoolkit.centerforhealthsecurity.org/testing-trackers/antigen-and-molecular-tests-for-covid-19#Current-Molecular-Tests
If I have been exposed to someone with COVID-19, should I get a test?
Timing of exposure
5 days or less
If you were exposed less than 5 days ago, then it is recommended to wait to test until 4-5 days after exposure. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself or your child for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
More than 5 days ago
If you were exposed at least 5 days ago, then you can test for COVID-19. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself or your child for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
Can I test out of isolation?
It is not recommended to test out of isolation (the period away from others after testing positive). It is safer to stay in isolation for 5 full symptom-free days (see more information below). Additionally, it is possible to continue testing positive on PCR tests for COVID-19 even weeks after you have recovered from illness and are no longer infectious.
Are you currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19?
Yes, I am currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
If you are currently experiencing symptoms, you should remain in isolation until 5 full days have passed since your last day of symptoms. If you experienced severe symptoms from COVID-19, you should isolate for at least 10 days after your symptoms go away and consult with your doctor before ending isolation.
No, I am not currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
If you are not currently experiencing symptoms and you tested positive more than 5 days ago, you may end your isolation after 5 days but should continue to wear a mask and physically distance for at least 10 days after your positive test. If you should start to feel symptoms, you should restart your isolation period and then end isolation 5 days after your symptoms go away.
How do I know that my positive test is accurate?
Every test has some room for error, known as “false negatives” or “false positives.” Tests that are granted Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by the FDA must have a certain level of accuracy. There is also the possibility for user error. One way to be more sure about your positive test result is to take a second test at the same time or shortly after your first. However, because of how the tests are designed and how accurately they can detect SARS-CoV-2, a single positive test result is considered enough evidence to diagnose COVID-19. Most tests are authorized for use on anyone aged 2 years and older. Check with your pediatrician or healthcare provider about which tests are recommended for children under age 2 or for persons who require assistance with performing self-testing.
Learn more about diagnostic test accuracy.
When should I get a test?
Timing of exposure
5 days or less
f you were exposed less than 5 days ago, then it is recommended to wait to test until 4-5 days after exposure. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
More then 5 days ago
If you were exposed at least 5 days ago, then you can test for COVID-19. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
Do you need to show official test results?
Yes, I need to show official test results
If you need to provide verified test results, it is best to get tested by a professional at any location where COVID-19 tests are offered. You can find a testing site near you using this HHS resource: https://www.hhs.gov/coronavirus/community-based-testing-sites/index.html. Whether you sign up for a rapid antigen test, a PCR test, or a different kind of test, the laboratory professionals will be able to provide you with official documentation. A photograph of a rapid antigen test taken by yourself without supervision likely will not be accepted if official results are required. However, some at-home test kits allow you to make a supervised telemedicine appointment so that a laboratory or medical professional can observe you performing the test, review your results, and provide you with official documentation.
Where can I get tested?
You can find a testing site near you by using this HHS resource: https://www.hhs.gov/coronavirus/community-based-testing-sites/index.html. Some tests are not recommended for children under a certain age, so be sure to check what tests are available or consult your pediatrician.
How should I store tests at home?
Tests should be stored at room temperature in a dry place. Places like bathrooms could become too humid, and unconditioned basements or garages could have unpredictable temperatures.
I got my test in the mail, but it came damaged – can I still use it?
Depending on the type of damage, some tests could still be used. Check the manufacturer’s instructions inside of the box or online to see their recommendations for tests that are frozen, overheated, torn, etc.
What kinds of tests do countries accept for entry at their airports?
The International Air Transport Association (IATA) regularly updates this resource (https://www.iatatravelcentre.com/world.php) on COVID-19 travel regulations around the world. Before leaving for your trip, be sure to check the entry requirements of your destination country, as well as requirements for your return.
How long do I need to quarantine after exposure?
Vaccine Status
Vaccinated
The CDC is not currently recommending quarantine for people who had contact with someone who tested positive for COVID-19 as long as they are up to date on their vaccinations. However, if your child was exposed to COVID-19 and is unvaccinated, then they will need to quarantine with your family for at least 5 days after their possible exposure. Your whole family can get tested on day 5, continue to watch for symptoms, and take precautions through day 10.
Unvaccinated
The CDC recommends that people who are not up to date on their COVID-19 vaccinations, including children, should quarantine for at least 5 days after their most recent contact with someone who tested positive for COVID-19. You can get tested at the end of day 5, but you should still monitor yourself for symptoms and take precautions through day 10. You only need to remain in quarantine for 5 days after exposure as long as you are not showing any symptoms of COVID-19.
Have you recovered from COVID-19 in the last 90 days?
Yes, I have recovered from COVID-19 in the last 90 days
The CDC recommends that people who have recovered from COVID-19 in the last 90 days, regardless of vaccination status, do not need to quarantine following exposure. However, you should still monitor yourself for symptoms and take precautions until the 10 day mark.
No, I have not recovered from COVID-19 in the last 90 days
If you or your child are up to date on your COVID-19 vaccines, then you do not need to quarantine following exposure. However, if you or your child was exposed to COVID-19 and is unvaccinated, then you will still need to quarantine with your family for at least 5 full days after possible exposure. Your whole family can get tested at that 5 day mark and continue to watch for symptoms and take precautions until the 10 day mark.
Is it safe to visit high-risk family/friends if I tested negative recently?
Some people, including the elderly, immunocompromised, or those with another condition, are at a higher risk of being hospitalized or experiencing severe illness if they get COVID-19. Therefore, it is best to take extra precautions when planning to visit. Ideally, everyone who is planning to visit high-risk family/friends should take a test 24 hours before visiting and limit any more possible exposures after the test is taken. If you test negative one day but then get exposed to COVID-19 in the following days before your visit, you will need to be retested. In between your negative test result and your visit, be sure to practice other precautions such as wearing a mask and physical distancing.
What is the best kind of test to take before visiting high-risk family/friends?
Some people, including the elderly, immunocompromised, or those with another condition, are at a higher risk of being hospitalized or experiencing severe illness if they get COVID-19. Therefore, it is best to take extra precautions when planning to visit. Ideally, everyone who is planning to visit high-risk family/friends should take a test 24 hours before visiting and limit any more possible exposures after the test is taken. If you test negative one day but then get exposed to COVID-19 in the following days before your visit, you will need to be retested. In between your negative test result and your visit, be sure to practice other precautions such as wearing a mask and physical distancing. PCR, or molecular, tests generally provide more accurate results than rapid antigen tests, or at-home tests, but because PCR tests are usually processed in a laboratory, you will need to account for longer times to process your results.
Which kind of test should I get?
There are many different kinds of COVID-19 tests and it can be difficult to decide which kind is best for your situation. Rapid antigen tests can return results within 30 minutes, some of which are authorized for at-home use. PCR tests can detect very low levels of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and are often preferred for situations where testing negative is extremely important (i.e., for travel, before multi-day festivals, to live in dormitory housing, etc.). These and other tests can all answer the question of “do I have COVID-19 right now?”; for day-to-day testing, you can choose the most accessible and affordable test option. Antibody tests can tell you whether you were previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 but cannot tell you whether you are infected right now. Learn more about all the different COVID-19 tests here: https://covid19testingtoolkit.centerforhealthsecurity.org/basics/types-of-covid-19-tests
Do you need to show official test results?
Yes, I need to show official test results
If you need to provide verified test results, it is best to get tested by a professional at any location where COVID-19 tests are offered. You can find a testing site near you using this HHS resource: https://www.hhs.gov/coronavirus/community-based-testing-sites/index.html. Whether you sign up for a rapid antigen test, a PCR test, or a different kind of test, the laboratory professionals will be able to provide you with official documentation. A photograph of a rapid antigen test taken by yourself without supervision likely will not be accepted if official results are required. However, some at-home test kits allow you to make a supervised telemedicine appointment so that a laboratory or medical professional can observe you performing the test, review your results, and provide you with official documentation.
How old is the person who needs a test?
Under 5 years old or requires testing assistance
A viral test can detect whether a person is infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. There are 2 types of viral tests that use body fluid samples from your nose or mouth: rapid antigen tests (at-home tests) and laboratory molecular tests (PCR tests). If you plan to travel internationally, it is best to check with the countries you will be traveling through and your destination to determine what type of test is required and when you need to test. Check with your pediatrician about which tests are recommended for children under age 2.
Over 5 years old or can independently test
A viral test can detect whether a person is infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. There are 2 types of viral tests that use body fluid samples from your nose or mouth: rapid antigen tests (at-home tests) and laboratory molecular tests (PCR tests). Most tests are authorized for use on anyone aged 2 years and older. If you plan to travel internationally, it is best to check with the countries you will be traveling through and your destination to determine what type of test is required and when you need to test. Check with your healthcare provider about which tests are recommended for persons who require assistance with performing self-testing.
Who do I report results to?
If you got tested at a healthcare facility, pharmacy, or sent your self-swab into a laboratory, your results will automatically be reported to the local/state public health department. If you performed an at-home test and tested positive, you can report your results to your primary care provider or local health department. Most at-home tests have a QR code that you can scan to help you report your test result to the appropriate public health authorities. In some cases, public health authorities will perform contact tracing of anyone who may have been exposed to you to limit spread and to initiate treatment.
How do I know that my negative test result is accurate?
Every test has some room for error, known as “false negatives” or “false positives.” Tests that are granted Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by the FDA must have a certain level of accuracy. There is also the possibility for user error. One way to be more sure about your negative test result is to take a second test at the same time or shortly after your first. Most tests are authorized for use on anyone aged 2 years and older. Check with your pediatrician or healthcare provider about which tests are recommended for children under age 2 or for persons who require assistance with performing self-testing.
Learn more about diagnostic test accuracy.
Should I test before gathering with other households?
Are you currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19?
Yes, I am currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
Testing yourself or your family before gathering with other households is a good way to reduce the risk of spreading COVID-19. Testing should be strongly considered if high-risk family/friends will be involved in the gathering, as they have a higher risk of becoming hospitalized or having severe outcomes if they get COVID-19. Ideally, everyone who is planning to gather should take a test 24 hours before visiting and limit any more possible exposures after the test is taken. If you test negative one day but then get exposed to COVID-19 in the following days before your visit, you will need to be retested. In between your negative test result and your visit, be sure to practice other precautions such as wearing a mask and physical distancing.
What kinds of COVID-19 tests are available to buy?
The general public can buy a few different kinds of tests. Some tests can be performed at home while others require you to collect your own swab or saliva samples and send them off to a laboratory for results. Some key words or phrases that help you identify tests that give you results within minutes include “antigen self-test” or “home test.” Key phrases such as “home collection” or “self-collect” usually indicate that your sample needs to be sent to a laboratory, although the shipping costs for the samples are usually included when purchasing the kit. Depending on how quickly you need results and whether you need those results to be verified/certified by an outside party, there are many different tests you could choose. We track all tests available for use under FDA Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) here: https://covid19testingtoolkit.centerforhealthsecurity.org/testing-trackers/antigen-and-molecular-tests-for-covid-19#Current-Molecular-Tests
When should I get a test?
Timing of exposure
5 days or less
If you were exposed less than 5 days ago, then it is recommended to wait to test until 4-5 days after exposure. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
More than 5 days ago
If you were exposed at least 5 days ago, then you can test for COVID-19. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
Do you need to show official test results?
Yes, I need to show official test results
If you need to provide verified test results, it is best to get tested by a professional at any location where COVID-19 tests are offered. You can find a testing site near you using this HHS resource: https://www.hhs.gov/coronavirus/community-based-testing-sites/index.html. Whether you sign up for a rapid antigen test, a PCR test, or a different kind of test, the laboratory professionals will be able to provide you with official documentation. A photograph of a rapid antigen test taken by yourself without supervision likely will not be accepted if official results are required. However, some at-home test kits allow you to make a supervised telemedicine appointment so that a laboratory or medical professional can observe you performing the test, review your results, and provide you with official documentation.
Where can I get tested?
If you are looking for testing pre-travel, you can find a testing site near you using this HHS resource: https://www.hhs.gov/coronavirus/community-based-testing-sites/index.html. Many international destinations and hotels have their own list of testing centers that can provide testing services before your return. Make sure that you can get tested at the appropriate time to have your results ready by the time you need to travel.
How often should I test?
Testing is an important tool to help end the COVID-19 pandemic. Regular testing helps you know whether or not you have COVID-19 so you can take actions to prevent its spread. There are no rules for how regularly you should test if you are feeling well and are vaccinated against COVID-19, but people who are unvaccinated or not up to date on their vaccinations may want to test on a regular basis to make sure that they have not contracted COVID-19 during their normal activities. If you are traveling in an area with low vaccination levels or with high numbers of COVID-19 cases, you may want to test after your return or during your trip if you are there for more than 1 week. Your preferred testing schedule may depend on how often you are in public settings, how closely you interact with other people, and your access to testing resources. Regardless of vaccination status, anyone who feels ill or is showing symptoms of COVID-19 should get tested so they can make informed decisions about their health and the health of their families.
What should I do if I tested positive but don’t have any symptoms?
The CDC recommends staying home for at least 5 full days after testing positive, regardless of your vaccine status or whether you are experiencing any symptoms of COVID-19. For travelers, the CDC recommends that you do not travel for 10 full days—either 10 days after your symptoms started or 10 days after your positive test. Be sure to wear a well-fitting mask if you are around others and avoid contact with people who are at high risk of severe symptoms if they get COVID-19, such as the elderly, immunocompromised, people with pre-existing conditions, or the very young.
How do I know that my positive test is accurate?
Every test has some room for error, known as “false negatives” or “false positives.” Tests that are granted Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by the FDA must have a certain level of accuracy. There is also the possibility for user error. One way to be more sure about your positive test result is to take a second test at the same time or shortly after your first. However, because of how the tests are designed and how accurately they can detect SARS-CoV-2, a single positive test result is considered enough evidence to diagnose COVID-19.
Learn more about diagnostic test accuracy.
I got my test in the mail, but it came damaged – can I still use it?
Depending on the type of damage, some tests could still be used. Check the manufacturer’s instructions inside of the box or online to see their recommendations for tests that are frozen, overheated, torn, etc.
If I have been exposed to someone with COVID-19, should I get a test?
Timing of exposure
5 days or less
If you were exposed less than 5 days ago, then the CDC recommends to wait to test on day 5 after exposure. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
More than 5 days ago
If you were exposed at least 5 days ago, then you can test for COVID-19. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
How long do I need to quarantine after exposure?
Vaccine Status
Vaccinated
The CDC is not currently recommending quarantine for people who had contact with someone who tested positive for COVID-19 as long as they are up to date on their vaccinations. However, if your child was exposed to COVID-19 and is unvaccinated, then they will need to quarantine with your family for at least 5 days after their possible exposure. Your whole family can get tested on day 5, continue to watch for symptoms, and take precautions through day 10.
Unvaccinated
The CDC recommends that people who are not up to date on their COVID-19 vaccinations, including children, should quarantine for at least 5 days after their most recent contact with someone who tested positive for COVID-19. You can get tested at the end of day 5, but you should still monitor yourself for symptoms and take precautions through day 10. You only need to remain in quarantine for 5 days after exposure as long as you are not showing any symptoms of COVID-19.
Have you recovered from COVID-19 in the last 90 days?
Yes, I have recovered from COVID-19 in the last 90 days
The CDC recommends that people who have recovered from COVID-19 in the last 90 days, regardless of vaccination status, do not need to quarantine following exposure. However, you should still monitor yourself for symptoms and take precautions until the 10 day mark.
No, I have not recovered from COVID-19 in the last 90 days
If you or your child are up to date on your COVID-19 vaccines, then you do not need to quarantine following exposure. However, if you or your child was exposed to COVID-19 and is unvaccinated, then you will still need to quarantine with your family for at least 5 full days after possible exposure. Your whole family can get tested at that 5 day mark and continue to watch for symptoms and take precautions until the 10 day mark.
Is it safe to visit high-risk family/friends if I tested negative recently?
Some people, including the elderly, immunocompromised, or those with another condition, are at a higher risk of being hospitalized or experiencing severe illness if they get COVID-19. Therefore, it is best to take extra precautions when planning to visit. Ideally, everyone who is planning to visit high-risk family/friends should take a test 24 hours before visiting and limit any more possible exposures after the test is taken. If you test negative one day but then get exposed to COVID-19 in the following days before your visit, you will need to be retested. In between your negative test result and your visit, be sure to practice other precautions such as wearing a mask and physical distancing.
My family member tested positive, but I was negative. Do I need to keep testing and if so at what intervals?
For those taking at-home tests after being exposed to COVID-19, the FDA now recommends testing multiple times over the course of a few days to ensure that the initial negative test result is accurate. After taking your first at-home test and receiving a negative result, wait for 48 hours and then test again. If it is negative again, then wait another 48 hours to test one final time. If at any point you have COVID-19 symptoms but are still receiving negative antigen test results, you may want to get a PCR-based test from a healthcare provider to make sure of your negative result.
Vaccine Status
Vaccinated
If your family member tested positive and you are up to date on your vaccinations, then you can monitor yourself for symptoms and test yourself in 5 days. There is no need to quarantine with your positive family member during those 5 days if you are vaccinated, but you should still take the precautions of wearing masks in the home and being in separate living spaces to prevent the spread of COVID-19. You will want to get tested 5 days after your most recent exposure to your family member. If their symptoms last for a prolonged period of time (greater than 10 days), you may want to test yourself every 3-5 days. Several factors may influence your decision to test more frequently, such as whether you need to work in-person, whether you visit high-risk or immunocompromised people, or if you need to send children into school. Once your family member is fever-free for 5 days (without fever-reducing medication) and their symptoms are improving, you will not need to test yourself as frequently.
Unvaccinated
If you are not vaccinated or not up to date on your vaccinations, then you will need to quarantine due to your exposure to your positive family member for at least 5 days. You will want to get tested 5 days after your most recent exposure to your family member. If their symptoms last for a prolonged period of time (greater than 10 days), you may want to test yourself every 3-5 days. Several factors may influence your decision to test more frequently, such as whether you need to work in-person, whether you visit high-risk or immunocompromised people, or if you need to send children into school. Once your family member is fever-free for 5 days (without fever-reducing medication) and their symptoms are improving, you will not need to test yourself as frequently.
What is the best kind of test to take before visiting high-risk family/friends?
Some people, including the elderly, immunocompromised, or those with another condition, are at a higher risk of being hospitalized or experiencing severe illness if they get COVID-19. Therefore, it is best to take extra precautions when planning to visit. Ideally, everyone who is planning to visit high-risk family/friends should take a test 24 hours before visiting and limit any more possible exposures after the test is taken. If you test negative one day but then get exposed to COVID-19 in the following days before your visit, you will need to be retested. In between your negative test result and your visit, be sure to practice other precautions such as wearing a mask and physical distancing. PCR, or molecular, tests generally provide more accurate results than rapid antigen tests, or at-home tests, but because PCR tests are usually processed in a laboratory, you will need to account for longer times to process your results.
Which kind of test should I get?
There are many different kinds of COVID-19 tests and it can be difficult to decide which kind is best for your situation. Rapid antigen tests can return results within 30 minutes, some of which are authorized for at-home use. PCR tests can detect very low levels of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and are often preferred for situations where testing negative is extremely important (i.e., for travel, before multi-day festivals, to live in dormitory housing, etc.). These and other tests can all answer the question of “do I have COVID-19 right now?”; for day-to-day testing, you can choose the most accessible and affordable test option. Antibody tests can tell you whether you were previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 but cannot tell you whether you are infected right now. Learn more about all the different COVID-19 tests here: https://covid19testingtoolkit.centerforhealthsecurity.org/basics/types-of-covid-19-tests
Do you need to show official test results?
Yes, I need to show official test results
If you need to provide verified test results, it is best to get tested by a professional at any location where COVID-19 tests are offered. You can find a testing site near you using this HHS resource: https://www.hhs.gov/coronavirus/community-based-testing-sites/index.html. Whether you sign up for a rapid antigen test, a PCR test, or a different kind of test, the laboratory professionals will be able to provide you with official documentation. A photograph of a rapid antigen test taken by yourself without supervision likely will not be accepted if official results are required. However, some at-home test kits allow you to make a supervised telemedicine appointment so that a laboratory or medical professional can observe you performing the test, review your results, and provide you with official documentation.
How old is the person who needs a test?
Under 5 years old or requires testing assistance
A viral test can detect whether a person is infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. There are 2 types of viral tests that use body fluid samples from your nose or mouth: rapid antigen tests (at-home tests) and laboratory molecular tests (PCR tests). If you plan to travel internationally, it is best to check with the countries you will be traveling through and your destination to determine what type of test is required and when you need to test. Check with your pediatrician about which tests are recommended for children under age 2.
Over 5 years old or can independently test
A viral test can detect whether a person is infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. There are 2 types of viral tests that use body fluid samples from your nose or mouth: rapid antigen tests (at-home tests) and laboratory molecular tests (PCR tests). Most tests are authorized for use on anyone aged 2 years and older. If you plan to travel internationally, it is best to check with the countries you will be traveling through and your destination to determine what type of test is required and when you need to test. Check with your healthcare provider about which tests are recommended for persons who require assistance with performing self-testing.
What should I do if I tested positive but don’t have any symptoms?
The CDC recommends staying home for at least 5 full days after testing positive, regardless of your vaccine status or whether you are experiencing any symptoms of COVID-19. You may end isolation after 5 days if you have not had a fever for 24 hours, but you should take precautions for another 5 days before resuming normal activities. Be sure to wear a well-fitting mask if you are around others and avoid contact with people who are at high risk of severe symptoms if they get COVID-19, such as the elderly, immunocompromised, people with pre-existing conditions, or the very young.
How long do I need to isolate after testing positive?
Regardless of vaccination status, the CDC recommends that all persons testing positive for COVID-19 isolate (the period away from others after testing positive) for at least 5 days. That number may change depending on whether you develop symptoms. See below to help calculate your isolation period. Positive family members or individuals living in shared spaces should isolate away from negative housemates to prevent COVID-19 from spreading in the household. Extra precautions should be taken through day 10 after your positive test result, such as wearing a mask inside your home and in public, avoiding gathering with people who are high risk, and avoiding travel.
Are you currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19?
Yes, I am currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
If you are currently experiencing symptoms, you may end isolation once you have gone 5 full days without a fever (without fever-reducing medication) and your symptoms are improving. Count your first fever-free day as Day 0 and complete your isolation through the end of Day 5. If your symptoms reappear during this time, continue to isolate until you can repeat this process.
No, I am not currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
If you are not currently experiencing symptoms or if you have not had a fever for 5 full days (without fever-reducing medication), you may end isolation after 5 days. To calculate these days, count Day 0 as the day your test was performed and continue your isolation through Day 5. If your symptoms reappear during this time, continue to isolate until you can repeat this process.
How often should I test?
Testing is an important tool to help end the COVID-19 pandemic. Regular testing helps you know whether or not you have COVID-19 so you can take actions to prevent its spread. There are no rules for how regularly you should test if you are feeling well and are vaccinated against COVID-19, but people who are unvaccinated or not up to date on their vaccinations may want to test on a regular basis to make sure that they have not contracted COVID-19 during their normal activities. Your preferred testing schedule may depend on how often you are in public settings, how closely you interact with other people, and your access to testing resources. Regardless of vaccination status, anyone who feels ill or is showing symptoms of COVID-19 should get tested so they can make informed decisions about their health and the health of their families.
For those taking at-home tests after being exposed to COVID-19, the FDA now recommends testing multiple times over the course of a few days to ensure that the initial negative test result is accurate. After taking your first at-home test and receiving a negative result, wait for 48 hours and then test again. If it is negative again, then wait another 48 hours to test one final time. If at any point you have COVID-19 symptoms but are still receiving negative antigen test results, you may want to get a PCR-based test from a healthcare provider to make sure of your negative result.
Are there any risks to testing myself/family/etc. regularly?
There are no physical risks to testing regularly. Always follow the directions and make sure to take care when swabbing sensitive nasal or throat passages. Regular testing is important to keep track of your personal health but also helps prevent spread to vulnerable individuals around you.
Who do I report results to?
If you got tested at a healthcare facility, pharmacy, or sent your self-swab into a laboratory, your results will automatically be reported to the local/state public health department. If you performed an at-home test and tested positive, you can report your results to your primary care provider or local health department. Most at-home tests have a QR code that you can scan to help you report your test result to the appropriate public health authorities. In some cases, public health authorities will perform contact tracing of anyone who may have been exposed to you to limit spread and to initiate treatment.
What kinds of COVID-19 tests are available to buy?
The general public can buy a few different kinds of tests. Some tests can be performed at home while others require you to collect your own swab or saliva samples and send them off to a laboratory for results. Some key words or phrases that help you identify tests that give you results within minutes include “antigen self-test” or “home test.” Key phrases such as “home collection” or “self-collect” usually indicate that your sample needs to be sent to a laboratory, although the shipping costs for the samples are usually included when purchasing the kit. Depending on how quickly you need results and whether you need those results to be verified/certified by an outside party, there are many different tests you could choose. We track all tests available for use under FDA Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) here: https://covid19testingtoolkit.centerforhealthsecurity.org/testing-trackers/antigen-and-molecular-tests-for-covid-19#Current-Molecular-Tests
Can I test out of quarantine?
It is not recommended to test out of quarantine (the period away from others after being exposed to COVID-19). In fact, quarantine is no longer recommended for those who are up to date on their vaccinations. See more information below.
Vaccine Status
Vaccinated
The CDC currently does not recommend quarantine for people who are up to date on their vaccines and were possibly exposed to COVID-19. If you want to get tested, wait at least 5 days after your exposure, continue to watch for symptoms, and take precautions until 10 days after exposure.
Unvaccinated
The CDC recommends that people who are not up to date on their COVID-19 vaccines, including young children not yet eligible, should quarantine for at least 5 days after their most recent contact with someone who tested positive for COVID-19. You can test at the end of day 5, but you should still monitor yourself for symptoms and take precautions until 10 days after exposure. You only need to remain in quarantine for 5 days after exposure if you do not have any symptoms of COVID-19.
Can I test out of isolation?
It is not recommended to test out of isolation (the period away from others after testing positive). It is safer to stay in isolation for 5 full symptom-free days (see more information below). Additionally, it is possible to continue testing positive on PCR tests for COVID-19 even weeks after you have recovered from illness and are no longer infectious.
Are you currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19?
Yes, I am currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
If you are currently experiencing symptoms, you should remain in isolation until 5 full days have passed since your last day of symptoms. If you experienced severe symptoms from COVID-19, you should isolate for at least 10 days after your symptoms go away and consult with your doctor before ending isolation.
No, I am not currently experiencing symptoms of COVID-19
If you are not currently experiencing symptoms and you tested positive more than 5 days ago, you may end your isolation after 5 days but should continue to wear a mask and physically distance for at least 10 days after your positive test. If you should start to feel symptoms, you should restart your isolation period and then end isolation 5 days after your symptoms go away.
When should I get a test?
Timing of exposure
5 days or less
If you were exposed less than 5 days ago, then it is recommended to wait to test until 4-5 days after exposure. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
More than 5 days ago
If you were exposed at least 5 days ago, then you can test for COVID-19. If you test too soon after exposure (1-2 days after), the test could give a false-negative result if the virus has not made enough copies of itself to be detectable. In the meantime, continue to monitor yourself for symptoms and quarantine if you are not up to date on your COVID-19 vaccinations.
Do you need to show official test results?
Yes, I need to show official test results
If you need to provide verified test results, it is best to get tested by a professional at any location where COVID-19 tests are offered. You can find a testing site near you using this HHS resource: https://www.hhs.gov/coronavirus/community-based-testing-sites/index.html. Whether you sign up for a rapid antigen test, a PCR test, or a different kind of test, the laboratory professionals will be able to provide you with official documentation. A photograph of a rapid antigen test taken by yourself without supervision likely will not be accepted if official results are required. However, some at-home test kits allow you to make a supervised telemedicine appointment so that a laboratory or medical professional can observe you performing the test, review your results, and provide you with official documentation.
Where can I get tested?
You can find a testing site near you by using this HHS resource: https://www.hhs.gov/coronavirus/community-based-testing-sites/index.html.
How do I know that my positive test is accurate?
Every test has some room for error, known as “false negatives” or “false positives.” Tests that are granted Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by the FDA must have a certain level of accuracy. There is also the possibility for user error. One way to be more sure about your positive test result is to take a second test at the same time or shortly after your first. However, because of how the tests are designed and how accurately they can detect SARS-CoV-2, a single positive test result is considered enough evidence to diagnose COVID-19.
Learn more about diagnostic test accuracy.
How do I know that my negative test result is accurate?
Every test has some room for error, known as “false negatives” or “false positives.” Tests that are granted Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by the FDA must have a certain level of accuracy. There is also the possibility for user error. One way to be more sure about your negative test result is to take a second test at the same time or shortly after your first.
Learn more about diagnostic test accuracy.
How should I store tests at home?
Tests should be stored at room temperature in a dry place. Places like bathrooms could become too humid, and unconditioned basements or garages could have unpredictable temperatures.
I got my test in the mail, but it came damaged – can I still use it?
Depending on the type of damage, some tests could still be used. Check the manufacturer’s instructions inside of the box or online to see their recommendations for tests that are frozen, overheated, torn, etc.
